Acne is caused due to many factors like unhealthy lifestyle etc…
Acne is one of the most common skin condition seen in all ages of life. Although most commonly seen in adolescence, about 20% of cases occur in adults. Acne, commonly called as pimples, starts during puberty around 10-13years and tends to be severe in oily skin and males. Women are more likely to have mild to moderate forms.
Acne is caused due to many factors like unhealthy lifestyle, pollution, hormonal changes and other contributing factors such as excess oil production, bacteria, stress, dietary intake, menstruation and genetics. Acne lesions are commonly seen on the face, and other areas like the neck, chest, back, shoulders, and upper arms.
Acne can be minimized with proper skin care. But more number of acne, larger acne or resistant acne require medical treatment. Back acne is resistant to treatment. Scars caused due to acne are very concerning as they affect the personality of patient. Acne scars when present, require different modality treatments like chemical peels, MNRF, Fractional CO2 laser etc.
Acne control requires a good approach plan which includes life style modification, diet, disciplined skin care routine and medical treatment depending on the stage of the acne
Topical creams such as benzoyl peroxide, antibiotic creams (clindamycin, dapsone, nadifloxacin), and retinoids are the main treatment. Others used are salicylic acid, azelaic acid etc. These are used to control acne breakout and decrease sebum production. Usually given in conjunction with other treatments.
Oral antibiotics are used in moderate to severe acne. Medications used are doxycycline, azithromycin, minocycline etc. Oral isotretinoin is used in treatment of moderate to severe, resistant and nodular cases. Recently isotretinoin is approved at subnormal dose to control mild-moderate acne. Hormonal therapy advised for women with acne and who need oral contraception.
Most common procedure done for acne and acne scars. Many different types of peels such as BHA, TCA etc are used to address combination of skin conditions along with acne.
These target the cutibacterium acnes, leading to production of free radicals which destroy the sebaceous glands. Red light (inflammation) or Blue light (C.acnes) or blue-red low level laser therapy is used for a short duration.
Pimple marks are caused by popping of pimples or direct pressure, which leads to bleeding, red spots or dark spots. Skin lightening creams like retinoids, glycolic acid, azelaic acid, kojic acid etc are used to remove dark spots which takes around 4-6 months. Combination with chemical peels or lasers gives desired results in short time.
Depending on the stage of the acne, the treatment used varies from maintaining good skin care with face cleansers, moisturizers and medical treatments such as anti-acne topical and oral tablets. Scars need procedures such as chemical peels, TCA CROSS, MNRF, laser etc.
Acne laser treatment when used along with medical treatment and skin care routine gives long lasting results.
Comedones are the primary stage of acne, caused by blockage of oil producing gland. When the pore is clogged with sebum secretions it is called as white head/open pore/white acne (comedone). The white head oxidizes on exposure to air, forms black head/black acne/closed pore. Seen on forehead, cheeks and chin. The best treatment for comedonal acne is daily application of retinoid in night.
Acne is treated by combination of topical such as retinoids, Benzoyl Peroxide cream, antibiotics along with oral treatment depending on the stage of acne. This is the best and safe treatment when followed by good skin care plan.
No. Antibiotics or antibiotic cream, act on one of the factor i.e., bacteria. For the resolution of acne, it should be combined with retinoids and BPO.
Yes. PCOD or PCOS aggravates acne due to underlying hormonal imbalance. The acne lesions are commonly seen in jaw line and chin.
The stage of active papule and pustule which become large enough to become cyst or nodule is called cystic acne. The treatments used are oral antibiotics, oral isotretinoin. Intralesional steroids can be combined.
Chemical peels used for acne are BHA like salicylic acid, mandelic acid peel, azelaic acid peel etc. They are completely safe.
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